Solids and Liquids

Sarah

Jairus

Maria

Noah

What states of matter are we studying?

We are studying three states of matter: Solids, Liquids, and Gas

Matter is anything that takes up space.

All matter is made up of molecules.

Investigation 1: Solids

NJ Science Standards for Investigation 1

5.2.2.A.1 Sort and describe objects based on the materials of which they are made and their physical properties.

5.2.2.A.2 Identify common objects as solids, liquids, or gases.

Solids:

1.Solids have their own shape unlike liquids and gases do.

2.Solids take up space just like liquids and gases do.

3.Solids are made up of molecules just like liquids and gases are.

4.Solids do not flow like liquids do.

5.Solids turn into liquid with heat.

Solids + Heat = Liquids

6.The Molecules that make up solids are very close together.

Solids - Molecules

Today we built towers with different kinds of solids.

Investigation 2: Liquids

NJ Science Standards for Investigation 2

5.2.2.A.1 Sort and describe objects based on the materials of which they are made and their physical properties.

5.2.2.A.2 Identify common objects as solids, liquids, or gases.

5.2.4.E.1 Demonstrate through modeling that motion is a change in position over a period of time.

5.2.4.E.2 Identify the force that starts something moving or changes its speed or direction of motion.

5.4.2.G.1 Observe and discuss evaporation and condensation

Liquids:

1.Liquids don't have their own shape like solids.

2.Liquids have the shape of their container just like gases do.

3.Liquids take up space just like solids and gases do.

4.Liquids are made up of molecules just like solids and gases are.

5.Liquids flow.

6.Liquids turn into gas with heat.

Liquid + Heat = Gas

7.Liquids turn into solid with cold.

Liquid + Cold = Solid

8.The Molecules that make up liquids are not as close together as the molecules that make up solids.

Liquids - Molecules

Falling Liquid Bottle Test Activity

Compare and Contrast Solids and Liquids using a Venn Diagram

Some properties that could describe liquids are:

  1. has color - To display a color. Could be: yellow, green, red, blue or any other color.

  2. transparent - Describes a liquid or solid that you can see through. Water is transparent.

  3. viscous - Describes a liquid that is thick and slow moving. Honey is viscous.

  4. bubbly - Describes a liquid that is full of bubbles.

  5. translucent - Describes a liquid or solid that is clear enough to let light go through, but not transparent. A frosted window is translucent.

  6. colorless - Clear, without color.

  7. foamy - Describes a liquid that has a layer of bubbles on top.

      1. opaque - Describes a liquid or solid that no light passes through.

Gas:

1.Gases don't have their own shape unlike solids.

2.Gases have the shape of their container just like liquids do.

3.Gases take up space just like solids and liquids do.

4.Gases turn into liquid with cold.

Gas + Cold = Liquid

5.Gases are made up of molecules just like solids and liquids are.

Gas - Molecules

Investigation 3: Bits and Pieces

NJ Science Standards for Investigation 3

5.2.2.A.1 Sort and describe objects based on the materials of which they are made and their physical properties.

5.2.2.A.2 Identify common objects as solids, liquids, or gases.

5.2.4.E.2 Identify the force that starts something moving or changes its speed or direction of motion.

Investigation 4: Solids and Liquids With Water

NJ Science Standards for Investigation 4

5.2.2.A.1 Sort and describe objects based on the materials of which they are made and their physical properties.

5.2.2.A.2 Identify common objects as solids, liquids, or gases.

5.2.2.B.1 Generate accurate data and organize arguments to show that not all substances respond the same way when heated or cooled, using common materials, such as shortening or candle wax.

5.4.2.G.1 Observe and discuss evaporation and condensation

Solids Mixed with Liquids:

What happens when you mix solids with liquids?

Today we mixed some solids with water to see if they dissolve and if they don't what else might happen if anything at all.

What does dissolve mean?

Dissolve is when a solid is mixed with a liquid, and the solid breaks up into little pieces so small that they can't be seen in the liquid.

Solids Before Being Mixed

Candy

Cardboard

Cloth

Chalk

Craft Stick

Pinto Beans

Rice

Rock Salt

Aluminum Foil

All Solids

Solid After Being Mixed

Let's Sort

Some solids dissolved when mixed with water.

  1. Candy

  2. Rock Salt

Some solids changed when mixed with water.

  1. Rice

  2. Beans

  3. Cardboard

Some solids didn't change at all when mixed with water.

  1. Cloth

  2. Chalk

  3. Craft Sticks

  4. Aluminum Foil

Liquids Mixed with Liquids:

With this investigation we learned:

What happens when you mix liquids with other liquids?

  1. Some liquids mix with other liquids.

2. Some liquids don't mix with other liquids, but instead float on top and make layers like the water and oil mixture below.

Water - Empty Bottle - Cooking Oil

Water and cooking oil right after it is shaken.

Water and cooking oil one day after it is shaken and given time to settle. You can see that the oil is layered on top of the water.

What happens when you dissolve rock salt in water?

Today we mixed some rock salt with water and left it to see if it will evaporate over the weekend. One cup was covered while to other was left uncovered.

With this investigation we learned:

  1. That in both cups, the salt dissolved.

  2. That only the uncovered cup evaporated.

  3. That the dissolved salt does not evaporate because it is a solid.

  4. That when the salt dissolves and the water evaporates that the salt turns into different salt crystals.

Left cup was left uncovered.

Right cup was left covered.

Left cup dissolved and water evaporated.

Right cup dissolved but water did not evaporate.